Evaluation of the Abnormalities of Lipid Profile in Patients with Cholelithiasis

Objective: Cholelithiasis is a chronic recurrent illness that affects the hepatobiliary system. Gall stone formation is caused by the impaired metabolism of cholesterol, bile acids and bilirubin. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the serum lipid parameters of gallstone patients with the control group.

Methodology: This was a Case control study conducted in surgical department of Sindh Government Hospital Korangi 5 by using convenient sampling technique. The duration of the study was about 06 months. A total of 54 patients aged above 15 years of both the genders wherein 28 patients diagnosed with Gallstone disease were considered as case group and 29 patients with no history of gallstones as controls were included in the study. Demographic characteristics such as age, gender and Continuous variables such as lipid parameters (HDL-C, VDL-C, VLDL-C, TGs, TC) were documented as frequencies and percentages. Student’s t-test was used to compare the data between the cases and the control groups.

Results: The study results showed that out of 54 patients, 44(81.5%) were female and 10(18.5%) were male. Lipid profile of the cases and controls revealed that serum VDL-C was significantly higher (p=0.014) in control group 17(31.5%) as compared to cases 8(14.8%). most of the patients of case group 26(48.1%) had serum HDL-C levels between 35-45 mg/dl as compared to the controls 8(14.8%) with a statistically significant difference between them (p=0.001). Moreover, higher serum TGs levels > 200 mg/dl observed in 1(1.9%) patients in case group and 7 (13.0%) in controls with statistically significant difference between them (p=0.006)

Conclusion: This study concluded that the significant association observed between gallstones and abnormal lipid levels among controls and cases. Therefore, it was depicted that the risk of cholelithiasis increased with discrepancies in lipid profiles.