Optimization of in vitro responses of various explants sources in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

Sorghum usually showed obstinate behavior toward induced genetic modulation. Recently, success has been achieved in media optimization for callus induction and regeneration. A complex in-vitro tissue culture and regeneration system comprises of many interlinked factors such as different explant sources, optimized growth media containing effective anti-phenolic compounds, and explant response to callus induction media. In the present study we have optimized the regeneration media by utilizing the immature inflorescence, immature embryos and mature embryos. We have tested the five local genotypes i.e. JR-105, Ji-2731, Keller, Mn-3025 and Juti’an from field as well as green house sources and compares the callus induction and regeneration frequency. Our results depicted that immature inflorescence produced more callus induction in contrast with immature embryos and mature embryos. Whereas, the production of the phenolic compounds are a serious concern throughout regeneration phase. The above cited factors actually prevails and hinders the regeneration process in real sense. Furthermore, our results lead us to speculate that sorghum is highly reliant on genotype for in-vitro tissue culture.