Effect of Salicyclic Acid and Indole Acetic Acid on Tomato Crop under Induced Salinity and Cadmium Stressed Environment: A Review

Tomato is one of the common garden fruits in India and is cultivated worldwide because of its edible fruits that are rich in antioxidants, such as lycopene and carotenoid etc. Although densities of ascorbic acid and B-carotene in tomato are modest compared to some other vegetables, tomato ranks high as a source of vitamins A and C in human diets because of high consumption in many countries of the world. Cadmium (Cd) is probably one of the most toxic heavy metals, particularly at high concentrations, inhibiting plant growth and development, whereas at low concentrations Cadmium may also stimulate growth depending on the plant species. Cadmium can also negatively interfere with important plant processes such as water transport, oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, photosynthesis and chlorophyll contents. Salinity reduces plant productivity first by reducing plant growth during the phase of osmotic stress and subsequently by inducing leaf senescence during the phase of toxicity. Salicyclic Acid (SA) and Indole acetic acid (IAA) are involved in the protection of plants against multiple stresses, Such as salinity, water stress, drought stress, and herbicides. Indeed, this may be also reported that Salicyclic acid and Indole acetic acide can ameliorate the injurious effects of heavy metals on plants.