Cardio-Renal Syndrome at the Cardiology Department of the Hopital De La Paix of Ziguinchor (Senegal)

Context and Objectives: Cardio-renal syndrome is a pathophysiological disorder of the heart and kidneys frequent in hospitalization for cardiology. The objective of this work is to study the frequency, clinical characteristics and treatment of cardio-renal syndrome (CRS) at the Hôpital de la Paix in Ziguinchor. Methodology: This is a retrospective study, from January 16, 2017 to September 16, 2020, including patients hospitalized in the cardiology department for heart failure associated with impaired renal function. Results: 92 patients were included, i.e. a hospital frequency of 9.15% with a predominance of men (sex ratio of 1.19). The average age was 60.05 years. High blood pressure (75%) was the main risk factor. The clinical symptomatology was dominated by dyspnea (69.6%). The average creatinine clearance was 24.40 ml/minute/1.73 m2 and stage 5 renal failure was noted in 39 patients (42.4%). Echocardiography detected systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle in 53 patients (64.6%). The kidney ultrasound was normal in half of the cases. The most observed CRS in our study was type I (60.9%). Therapeutically, the most widely used drugs were diuretics (85.9%) and ACE inhibitors (71.7%). The death rate was 28.3%. The average cost of inpatient care was 149,466 CFA francs. The poor prognosis elements were stage IV dyspnea (p = 0.006), cardiomegaly (p = 0.047) and the presence of pericardial effusion (p = 0.021). Conclusion: Cardio-renal syndrome is a condition to be systematically looked for in cases of heart failure because it is associated with severe mortality.