A Regional Mathematical Model of the Wind System of the Earth’s Lower Atmosphere: A Non-Hydrostatic Approach

The purpose of the present work is to describe a regional mathematical model of the wind system of the Earth’s lower atmosphere, developed in the Polar Geophysical Institute. The mathematical model is based on numerical solving of gas dynamic equations and produces three-dimensional distributions of the atmospheric parameters in the height range from 0 to 15 km over a limited region of the Earth’s surface. The mathematical model is non-hydrostatic, that is, not only the horizontal components but also the vertical component of the neutral wind velocity is obtained by means of a numerical solution of a generalized Navier-Stokes equation for compressible gas, with the hydrostatic equation being not utilized in this model. An example of application of the mathematical model is described, also. Namely, results of numerical modeling of the initial stage of the origin of tropical cyclonic vortex in the vicinity of an intertropical convergence zone are presented.