A Review on the Application of Remineralizing Means and Methods of Early Diagnostics of Caries in the Process of Enamel Maturation

Non-mineralized enamel in childhood is a risk factor for the development of caries in the stage of macula cariosa. According to some authors, the final maturation of tooth enamel occurs in 1-2 years after eruption, and then for 2-3 years this process continues just in the fissure area. Full-fledged mineralization during this period is carried out due to the absorption of minerals from saliva, especially of fluorine, calcium and phosphorus ions. The remineralizing drugs use ensures a pronounced therapeutic effect in the treatment of the initial form of dental caries and the mineralization of tooth hard tissues in case of their incomplete mineralization, as evidenced by the data of colorimetric test, laser fluorometry and other methods of early detection of dental caries. Therefore, it is of importance to provide remineralizing therapy in order to promote the normal maturation of enamel at this age, especially in the risk groups. That is why, early diagnosis of initial caries is extremely important for the timely implementation of preventive measures leading to its reverse development only at the initial stages. Regular monitoring of indicators that assess the state of hard dental tissues and oral hygiene is an important component of a set of measures helping to reduce the pathology rate of oral cavity organs and tissues.