Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Applications of 3-Cyanocoumarins

Coumarin is an essential medicinal architectural motif that is widely present in many frequently taken medications. The core constituent of these compounds exhibits a wide range of therapeutic benefits and physiological properties. The significance and widespread use of coumarin derivatives have brought attention to the methods for their synthesis using novel strategies. Among coumarin derivatives, 3-cyano-coumarins is a well-known subgroup of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds that have significant importance in biological and medical sciences. 3-cyanocoumarins are also commonly known precursor material for the development of medicinally important other coumarin derivatives. The presence of the cyanide group in 3-cyano coumarins is suitable for inserting units of biological importance like triazole, thiadiazole, and thiadiazoles into the coumarin core to increase their biological activities. Based on the most recent research, this article provides a brief overview of the synthesis, biological and pharmacological applications of the 3-cyano derivative of coumarins, as well as assessment of prospective future medical applications.