Molecular Characterization of Land Races of Rice by Using SSR Markers (Oryza sativa L.)

The study was conducted to use thirty one rice land races for characterized the genetic diversity analysis at Seed Unit, UAHS, Shivamogga. The SSR markers (25 SSR markers) were used for the assessment of genetic diversity and relatedness among 31 rice landraces and all of them were found polymorphic. Twenty five SSR markers revealed 50 alleles in the 31 land races, the number of alleles per locus with an average of 2 per locus. Major allele frequency ranged from 0.58 (RM 25) to 0.94 (RM 229) with an average of 0.74 per marker. The PIC (polymorphism information content) value ranged from 0.12 (RM 229) to 0.66 (RM 481 and RM 25) with an average of 0.36 per marker. The PIC value of each marker, which was evaluated on the basis of its alleles, varied greatly all tested SSR loci-from 0.58 to 0.94 with an average of 0.74. The highest PIC value 0.49 was obtained for RM481 and RM25, followed by RM443 (0.47), RM224 (0.46) RM 159, RM 1054, RM226 and RM24 (0.44). Remaining markers were showed less PIC value. Lower PIC value result of closely related landraces and higher PIC values result of diverse landraces. The dendrogram based on UPGMA grouped the 31landraces into 10 clusters that were demarcated at a similarity coefficient of 0.68. Cluster III was the largest including 13 land races followed by cluster VI and II each of which had four and three land races respectively. The remaining clusters had one and two landraces each.