Anticancer, Anticollagenase and in Silico Docking Studies of Anethum sowa L. Herb Oil against HCT 116 Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line

Aim: Anethum sowa L. isan aromatic plant with pharmacological potential. The chemical composition and the therapeutic of Anethum sowa L. herb oil grown in South Karnataka is very few; moreover, its essential oil and extract together is not being studied and compared for its effects on colon cancer cell lines HCT -116 and anti collagense study .

Methods: The current investigation was intended to sight see the incidence of components present in the herb oil examined by (GC-MS), antioxidant , antimicrobial , anticancer & anticollagenase potential was investigated and further the insilco docking studies to unleash the potential drug like molecules in the therapeutic plant was studied .

Results: 5-Oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-3-propionic acid methyl ester, (17.41%),beta-Amyrin(8.20),ritodrine(6.49),1-Naphthalenol,decahydro-1,4a-dimethyl-7-(methylethylidene)-,[1R-(1.alpha.4a.beta,8a.alpha)](2.39%),meta-Cymene(1.95%),trans-z-alpha-Bisabolene epoxide (1.80), and Viridiflorol(0.77%) were the new compounds isolated from this therapeutic plant, and Anethum sowa L. herb ethanolic extract contained many potential phytochemicals. The total phenol and flavonoid of the herb extract were 0.136mg/ml. and 0.108mg/ml respectively . Anethum sowa L. herb extract ABTS antioxidant assay showed excellent activity with an IC50 of 540µg/ml which was in power with gallic acid which showed an IC 50 of 393µg/ml. Essential oil of Anethum sowa L. herb exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against all the three microorganisms E-coli strain (MTCC 433), Klebsiella pneumoniae strain (MTCC 3384) Streptococcusmutants strain (MTCC 497) with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 20% herb oil . Cytotoxicity of Anethum sowa L.herb essential oil and ethanolic extract against Colon cancer cell lines – HCT -116 , showed that herb oil and herb ethanolic extract repressed the cell growth of the cell . Herb oil with an IC50 79.75µg/ml was more effective than the herb extract . Herb essential oil showed the maximum capacity in inhibiting the collagenase when compared to ethanolic extract of herb, the percentage of inhibition of Anethum sowa L. herb essential oil was found to be 60.89% and that of herb extract was (15.18%).

Conclusion: Herb oil showed very good anticancer, antimicrobial and anticollagenase activity and by the In silico docking performed between the compounds present in the herb oil, MAI-150 and APC of Homo sapiens, it was found that lupeol showed the highest binding affinity with APC when compared with MAI-150 and rest other compounds present in the herb oil.